DETERMINANTS OF SPORT-RECREATIONAL INTERESTS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN SERBIA: WHY ARE SOME OF THEM PHYSICALLY ACTIVE AND OTHERS NOT?
Originalni naučni rad
Apstrakt
Sportsko-rekreativne aktivnosti imaju pozitivan uticaj na fiziološki, psihološki i sociološki aspekt razvoja i zdravlja čoveka na svim uzrastima. U tom smislu, procena i razumevanje sportsko-rekreativnih interesovanja ostvaruje važnu ulogu u dizajniranju i osmišljavanju efikasnog nastavnog plana i programa fizičkog vaspitanja, kao i strategija javnog zdravlja na nacionalnom nivou. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita uticaj određenih činilaca na sportsko-rekreativna interesovanja studentske populacije. U ovoj studiji 19 nezavisnih varijabli klasifikovano je u četiri grupe. Zavisna varijabla sportsko-rekreativna interesovanja operacionalizovana je na dva aspekta: gledanje sportskih događaja i informisanost u oblasti sporta i nivo fizičke aktivnosti ispitanika. Na uzorku od 300 studenata u Srbiji pronađeni su sledeći korelati sportsko-rekreativnog interesovanja: pol i psihofizičko stanje (iz organizmičkih varijabli), tip fakulteta (iz stimulativnih varijabli), učestalost bavljenja sportom u detinjstvu (iz varijabli odgovora). Nijedna ispitana teorijska varijabla ne predstavlja prediktor sportsko-rekreativnih interesovanja studenata. Rezultati konačnog modela pokazuju da pol (ηp2 = .140) i procena psihofizičkog stanja (ηp2 = .111) predstavljaju značajne determinante, dok učestalost bavljenja ovim aktivnostima u detinjstvu ima marginalno značajan efekat (ηp2 = .059 ). U konačnom modelu, vrsta fakulteta ne predstavlja značajan činilac sportsko-rekreativnih interesovanja odraslih. Na osnovu univarijantne analize, pol utiče na gledanje sportskih događaja i informisanost u polju sporta (ηp2 = .134), gde ispitanici muškog pola pokazuju veće interesovanje od žena, dok procena psihofizičkog stanja (ηp2 = .073) i učestalost bavljenja ovim aktivnostima u detinjstvu (ηp2 = .034) utiču na učešće u intenzivnim fizičkim aktivnostima. Rezultati istraživanja nam jasno ukazuju na preporuke za buduća istraživanja, ali i za određene intervencije u okviru svake od ispitanih grupa varijabli. Može se zaključiti da je u praksi neophodno prilagoditi nastavni plan i program fizičkih aktivnosti počev od osnovne škole širom univerziteta, čineći ih dostupnijim ženskom polu i ojačavajući varijable koje se nisu pokazale kao korelati sportsko-rekreativnih interesovanja.
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