KOMPETENCIJE VASPITAČA U PREDŠKOLSKIM USTANOVAMA
Pregledni naučni rad
Apstrakt
Ova teorijska studija istražuje promenljivi pejzaž profesionalnih kompetencija koje se zahtevaju od vaspitača u savremenom predškolskom obrazovanju. Na osnovu sistematskog pregleda 37 recenziranih naučnih radova preuzetih iz baza podataka Scopus i Web of Science, studija analizira tri ključne oblasti: (1) osnovne profesionalne kompetencije neophodne za kvalitetno predškolsko obrazovanje, (2) ulogu i značaj interdisciplinarne saradnje sa stručnjacima i (3) strategije za podršku inkluziji, kulturnoj raznolikosti i održivosti u pedagoškoj praksi. Analiza pokazuje da kvalitetno predškolsko obrazovanje sve više zavisi od emocionalne i relacione kompetencije, reflektivne prilagodljivosti, interdisciplinarne komunikacije i etičkog pristupa raznolikosti i održivosti. Od vaspitača se očekuje da deluju ne samo kao edukatori, već i kao emocionalni oslonci, kulturni medijatori i saradnici u multidisciplinarnim timovima. Emocionalna podrška, inkluzivna pedagogija i obrazovanje za održivost pojavljuju se kao međusobno povezane dimenzije profesionalnog identiteta. Nalazi sugerišu da su efektivni vaspitači oni koji integrišu pedagoško znanje sa socio-emocionalnom inteligencijom i interkulturalnom senzitivnošću. Studija takođe naglašava potrebu za sistematskim stručnim usavršavanjem koje podstiče reflektivnu praksu, interdisciplinarnu spremnost i otpornost kod vaspitača. Ograničenje ove studije jeste oslanjanje na međunarodnu literaturu bez dublje analize nacionalnih i lokalnih konteksta. U celini, studija doprinosi širem sagledavanju profesionalizma vaspitača – kao relacione, saradničke i vrednosno utemeljene prakse – i nudi implikacije za obrazovanje vaspitača, obrazovne politike i buduća istraživanja.
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