Upotreba interneta od strane adolescenata sa intelektualnom ometenošću – pregled literature

Pregledni naučni rad

  • Ana Lukić Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Srbija
  • Bojana Arsić Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Srbija
  • Anja Gajić Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Srbija
  • Tamara Lazović Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Srbija
Ključne reči: internet, adolescencija, intelektualna ometenost

Apstrakt

U svijetu 59% populacije koristi internet, od čega 75% čine adolescenti. Upotreba interneta od strane adolescenata sa intelektualnom ometenošću (IO) može imati benefite, ali i određene rizike. Cilj rada bio je napraviti pregled istraživanja upotrebe interneta od strane adolescenata sa IO. Literatura prikupljena je putem pretraživača Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed i ProQuest. U pregledni dio rada uključivani su radovi preglednog i istraživačkog karaktera, čiji su uzorak činili adolescenti sa IO, a koji su objavljeni u periodu od 2015. do 2023. godine. Prevalencija upotrebe interneta od strane adolescenata sa IO neujednačena je u različitim dijelovima svijeta. Pregled literature pokazao je da umjereno korišćenje interneta uz nadzor roditelja/staratelja može pozitivno uticati na razvoj kognitivnih i adaptivnih vještina. Benefiti u ovim domenima uključuju bolji školski uspjeh i veći nivo socijalizacije sa vršnjacima. Upotreba interneta bez nadzora sa sobom nosi rizike za nastanak negativnih posljedica koje uključuju sajber nasilje i internet zavisnost. Takođe se zapaža da je neophodno izvršiti prilagođavanje uređaja kojima se pristupa internetu kako bi bili funkcionalniji za adolescente sa IO. Pravilna upotreba interneta može imati brojne benefite za adolescente sa IO ukoliko se koristi umjereno i uz nadzor roditelja ili staratelja, i ukoliko im izvrši adaptiranje uređaja i softvera. Važno je sprovoditi organizovanu edukaciju roditelja i staratelja adolescenata o pravilnoj i umjerenoj upotrebi interneta u periodu adolescencije.

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